Category: News

CHILDHOOD MEMORIES

What freedom we had when I was a child
Compared to nowadays.
We were allowed to roam about at will,
And even ride our bikes on the roads.

When we were little and days were sunny
Our Mother and her friend would meet
Their purses were empty and they had no money
But loved taking us out for a treat.

We would visit the Drope half a mile away
Where we could all picnic and play.
Mother made sandwiches and took some pop
And we would all have a lovely day.

The field was quite large with a river close by,
And a railway viaduct
We would wave to the trains as they went by,
And the drivers and guards would wave back.

We played rounders and shouted until we were hoarse,
And even the Mothers joined in.
Together with others that happened to be there,
Enjoying the afternoon sun.

We would swim in the river to cool ourselves off
The water was clean in those days.
We would dive from the bank and cross on the log
And from the bank pick the daisies.

A tributary stream into the river dull flow,
With water as clear as a bell.
When we were thirsty we just cupped our hands
And drank as if from a well.

As the evening approached and the sun went down,
We would wend our way home to our Dad.
The lane seemd so long as we daudled along,
With Mother carrying all the bags.

Zena Ball

THE DERIVATION AND MEANING OF PLACE-NAMES

MERTHYR DYFAN

 – The Welsh word ‘merthyr’ is seen in a number of place-names in Wales – and this again is often mistakenly translated. Many people are familiar with the word ‘merthyr’ which derives from the Latin word ‘martyr/martyris’ – meaning ‘martyr’ – a person who dies for his beliefs. And it is a temptation to translate place-names such as Merthyr Dyfan, Merthyr Tudful, Merthyr Mawr as churches dedicated to the martyrs Dyfan, Tudful and Myfor (which has given us ‘Mawr’ today).

But there is another Latin word – ‘martyrium’ – which means ‘shrine’ or ‘ the place where a saint’s relics lie’. And that is what we have in the place-name Merthyr Dyfan – the martyrium or shrine of Dyfan. The same is true of Merthyr Tudful and Merthyr Mawr. Nothing is known of Saint Dyfan – though tradition states that he was one of four saints who were sent by Pope Eleutherius to bring Christianity to this part of Britain in the 2nd Century.

The name ‘saint’ was used by the Celtic Church – and earlier – to refer, simply, to a holy man or woman. The four saints were Ffagan, Elfan, Meudwy and Deruvian – four missionaries of their day. Scholars don’t give great credence to this tradition – and furthermore, there is no proof that the person who was named Deruvian was indeed our Dyfan.

It is said that it was Saint Teilo in the 6th Century who was responsible for creating Dyfan’s martyrium – and the present church on the site – which dates back to the 13th Century – is dedicated to St Dyfan and St Teilo.

HOLTON – This name is made up of two Old English words – ‘hol’ and ‘ton’. The first element ‘hol’ simply means ‘a dip/ hollow’ and the second element ‘-ton’ is the suffix which means ‘a homestead, or ‘a settlement’ (which has given us ‘town’ in modern English.) So Holton could mean ‘a homestead or a farm in a hollow.’

BUTTRILLS – This name again is easily explained. The two elements are ‘buttr’ and ‘hills’ – meaning ‘butter hills’ – an area where there was good pasture for the production of butter.

TREGATWG – CADOXTON – The Welsh name Tregatwg is made up of two elements – ‘Tre’ and ‘gatwg’. The prefix ‘Tre’ is the Welsh equivalent of the English suffix ‘-ton’ – and as explained above, means a ‘homestead’ or a ‘settlement’. It has given us ‘tre(f), meaning ‘town’ in modern Welsh. The second element is a version of the name St Cadog. So this homestead was situated near where the saint had his cell.

The English name is merely the Anglicized version of the name Cadog or Cadoc – the ‘x’ being merely a different spelling which has developed over the years. He was born around 497 and he established a monastery and an important centre of learning in Llancarfan. There are many churches dedicated to him in Wales and in Brittany.

MÔR HAFREN – SEVERN ESTUARY / BRISTOL CHANNEL – The Welsh word ‘môr’ is derived from the Celtic word ‘mori’ and it simply means ‘sea’. The second word, ‘Hafren’ again derives from a Celtic word – ‘Sabrina’ – which gave us ‘Habren’ in Old Welsh and ‘Hafren’ in modern Welsh – the consonant ‘b’ having softened to ‘f’ (which represents the ‘v’ sound in Welsh of course) – and the initial consonant ‘s’ becoming ‘h’. So, remembering the Welsh word order, ‘Môr Hafren’ literally translates as ‘Severn Sea’. The word ‘Severn’ is also derived from ‘Sabrina’ but you’ll notice that the ‘S’ has been kept and, like the Welsh word, the original ‘b’ has softened to ‘v’ – to give us ‘Severn’.

The consonant ‘s’ in a Celtic – or in a Latin – word often becomes ‘h’ in Welsh. In another example we see that an earlier word has developed into ‘salt’ in English but into ‘halen’ in Welsh.

By the way, an ancient legend tells us that Sabrina was a Celtic princess who was drowned in this river by her stepmother, thus giving it its name!

Next month – Llanilltud Fawr / Llantwit Major, y Rhws / Rhoose, Sain Tathan / St Athan, Penmarc,

Ann M. Jones