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It may come as a surprise to many that the city of Donetsk owed its foundation, and in large part its development, to a Welsh businessman, John Hughes from Merthyr Tydfil. The Welsh link was so strong that the city was originally named Hughesovska or Yuzovka, before being renamed Stalino and now Donetsk. Its original streets were even laid out on the same pattern as Merthyr.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wenvoe.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Steelworks.jpg?resize=500%2C328\")
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Donetsk today is the fifth biggest city in the Ukraine with over a million inhabitants. It has a turbulent recent history. Seized by pro Russian separatist forces in 2014, the city has of course, been a key battleground in recent years and especially so during the current conflict in the Donbas region in the east of the country. Welsh sympathies with Ukraine have been strong in recent times. Ukrainian fans spoke warmly of their welcome and messages of support when they visited Cardiff for the World Cup play off a few weeks ago and many Welsh people, including some in our own village, have stepped up during calls for taking in Ukrainians displaced from their homes.<\/p>\n
Perhaps it is not surprising that the Welsh have a particular empathy with people from the Donbas region, especially Donetsk. The Donbas, like South Wales, was founded on heavy industry and Welsh expertise and hard work was at the centre of its development. In the 19th century the Donbas was part of Tsarist Russia. John Hughes, a Cyfarthfa-born industrialist, was in his mid 50s when he came to the notice of the Tsarist Russian government, under Emperor Alexander II. He had built his own foundry in Newport but made his name in developing armour plating for ships. The Tsar wanted his expertise for a naval fortress on the Baltic. It led to an opportunity for Hughes to develop his own works in Russia, which would include a factory for forging railway lines.<\/p>\n
Hughes formed the \u2018New Russia Company Ltd.\u2019 to raise capital and at the age of 55, he moved to Russia. He sailed with eight ships, carrying not only all the equipment necessary to establish a metal works, but also much of the skilled labour needed. This group of about a hundred ironworkers and miners came overwhelmingly from South Wales. Hughes naturally turned to Welsh workers, who he knew possessed the skills and work ethic required for his daring industrial adventure.<\/p>\n
Hughes started by building metal works close to the river Kalmius, at a site near the village of Alexandrovka. During the 1870s, collieries and iron ore mines were sunk, and brickworks and other facilities established to make the isolated works a self-sufficient industrial complex. It was all held under the title \u2018Novorussian Society for Coal, Iron and Rails production.\u2019 By the end of the nineteenth century, the works were the largest in the Russian Empire, producing 74% of Russian iron in 1913.<\/p>\n
The Welsh workers and their families, despite the cold winters, hot summers and occasional cholera epidemics, settled in Hughesovska and stayed for decades. It was the Bolshevik revolution of 1917 which ended the Hughes family\u2019s connection to the works. The Hughes brothers and almost all their foreign employees returned to Britain. The works were nationalised by the Bolsheviks in 1919 and the town of Hughesovka was renamed \u201cStalino\u201d in 1924, and then the present name \u201cDonetsk\u201d in 1961. The works survived and prospered despite regime and socio-economic change. We can only hope that this great city will one day be able to return to peace and prosperity<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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\u00a0OUR LINKS TO UKRAINE MAY BE CLOSER THAN YOU THINK It may come as a surprise to many that the city of Donetsk owed its foundation, and in large part its development, to a Welsh businessman, John Hughes from Merthyr Tydfil. The Welsh link was so strong that the city was originally named Hughesovska or Yuzovka, before being renamed Stalino […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[334],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6cWjO-34e","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":12433,"url":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?p=12433","url_meta":{"origin":11794,"position":0},"title":"Meaning Of Place-Names Part 5","author":"Alan Williams","date":"2nd November 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"THE DERIVATION AND MEANING OF PLACE-NAMES MERTHYR DYFAN \u00a0- The Welsh word \u2018merthyr\u2019 is seen in a number of place-names in Wales - and this again is often mistakenly translated. Many people are familiar with the word \u2018merthyr\u2019 which derives from the Latin word \u2018martyr\/martyris\u2019 - meaning \u2018martyr\u2019 - a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General Interest Articles"","block_context":{"text":"General Interest Articles","link":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?cat=334"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":12022,"url":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?p=12022","url_meta":{"origin":11794,"position":1},"title":"Place Name History -BRO MORGANNWG","author":"Alan Williams","date":"4th August 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"THE MEANING AND DERIVATION OF PLACE-NAMES BRO MORGANNWG - VALE OF GLAMORGAN There are two patterns in English which convey a Welsh place-name such as Bro Morgannwg - namely \u2018Vale of Glamorgan\u2019 and \u2018Glamorgan Vale\u2019 (cf Ogmore Vale, Ebbw Vale, Merthyr Vale etc). This second pattern is the exact equivalent\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General Interest Articles"","block_context":{"text":"General Interest Articles","link":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?cat=334"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":12366,"url":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?p=12366","url_meta":{"origin":11794,"position":2},"title":"The Derivation And Meaning Of Place-Names","author":"Alan Williams","date":"13th October 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"THE DERIVATION AND MEANING OF PLACE-NAMES HIGHLIGHT The English name \u2018Highlight\u2019 first appears on maps in the 16th Century - during the reign of Elizabeth 1st - as the name of a farm. Before that time, the name was Welsh - \u2018Uchelolau\u2019. The name \u2018Highlight\u2019 was obviously an attempt at\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General Interest Articles"","block_context":{"text":"General Interest Articles","link":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?cat=334"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":14100,"url":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?p=14100","url_meta":{"origin":11794,"position":3},"title":"River Taff","author":"Alan Williams","date":"15th March 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"River Taff January and the start of February have made life difficult for walkers with lots of rain and boggy countryside. This walk was mostly firm underfoot taking in the Taff trail and an old railway. We parked Northwest of Merthyr Tydfil in Cwm Taf Fechan. The beginning of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Footsteps"","block_context":{"text":"Footsteps","link":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?cat=38"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":12750,"url":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?p=12750","url_meta":{"origin":11794,"position":4},"title":"Place-Names Derivation – Llwyneliddon \/ St Lythans","author":"Alan Williams","date":"5th January 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"THE DERIVATION AND MEANING OF PLACE-NAMES LLWYNELIDDON \/ ST LYTHANS The Welsh name is made up of two elements - \u2018llwyn\u2019 and \u2018Eliddon\u2019. \u2018Llwyn\u2019 is the Welsh word for \u2018grove\u2019 or \u2018copse\u2019 and the second element \u2018Eliddon\u2019\u2019 is the name of the saint to whom an earlier church was dedicated.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Readers Articles of Interest"","block_context":{"text":"Readers Articles of Interest","link":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?cat=228"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":16905,"url":"http:\/\/wenvoe.org.uk\/?p=16905","url_meta":{"origin":11794,"position":5},"title":"Hiking And Biking With Richard Trevithick Part 2","author":"Alan Williams","date":"2nd May 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"ARTICLES of GENERAL INTEREST HIKING AND BIKING WITH RICHARD TREVITHICK Part 2 Merthyr Tydfil, being naturally blessed with iron ore, limestone and trees to make charcoal (later to be replaced with actual coal) was one of the cradles of the Industrial Revolution in the mid 1700s. 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